Population is all the people who live in a place. In order to know how many people live in a place we use the municipal census.The population of Spain is about 46.5 million people. The population of the European Union is about 507 million people.
Demography is the study of human populations – their size, composition and distribution across space – and the process through which populations change. Births, deaths and migration are the ‘big three’ of demography.
HOW TO STUDY POPULATION
The population of a place can be divided into different categories:
Gender. We count the number of men and the number of women.
Age. Inhabitants are divided into three different age groups: children are 0 to 15 years old; adults are 16 to 65 years old; senior citizens are over 65. 2
Activity. The population is divided into two groups. Active population: This group includes all adults who are able to work. Some people are employed and other people are unemployed. Inactive population: This group includes children under 16, and adults who are either too ill to work, or who are retired.
ACTIVITIES:
1.What is population? Write a definition in your notebook.
2.Read and correct the sentences.
The active population includes retired people.
The death rate is the number of babies born.
Immigrants are people who leave a place.
What group do you belong to? Age, sex and job.
CHANGES IN POPULATION
The population of a place changes over time. Babies are born, and some people die. Sometimes people move to another town. The changes in population are caused by the birth rate, the death rate, emigration and immigration. 3
The birth rate is the number of babies born in a place in one year.
The death rate is the number of people who die in a place in one year.
Emigrants are people who leave one place to go and live in another place.
Immigrants are people who come to live in a place.
When the number of people born in a place is greater than the number of people who die, the population increases. When the number of immigrants is greater than the number of emigrants, the population increases.
3. Imagine an immigrant child has recently started in yourclass. How can you make the child and their family welcome in your community?
SPAIN’S POPULATION
The Spanish natural growth is negative because fewer people are born than those who die. However, the real growth is positive because the number of immigrants is superior to the number of emigrants.
CHARACTERISTICS:
Population density
Some places have many inhabitants. Other places have very few inhabitants. Population density tells us if a place has a large or a small population.
The increasing of the aging population: less people die nowadays.
The high immigration from countries such as Africa, South America and Asia looking for a better life.
Urban population,the majority of people live in cities and rural areas are abandoned and uninhabited
WHERE PEOPLE LIVE IN SPAIN
Most of the people live on the coast and in the big cities where there are many jobs. These places are densely populated.
Fewer people live inland, except in the big cities like Madrid and Zaragoza. In general, inland Spain is sparsely populated. Population density tells us if a place has a large or a small population. In Spain, most of the people live on the coast and in the big cities.
ACTIVITIES:
In pairs find out how many people live in your region. Find out the population of the biggest town or city. Then they find out the population of some of the smaller villages. Then, write the towns, citiesand villages on a poster and write the population of each next to the place.
Look at the map. Do youlive on the coast or inland?Do you live in a city or ina small village? What the populationdensity is like where you live?
Write in your notebook four reasons why people migrate.
WHERE PEOPLE WORK
There are three main sectors of the economy: the primary sector, the secondary sector and the tertiary sector.
Jobs in the primary sector
In the primary sector, workers obtain raw materials from natural resources, for example, products from plants,animals and the soil.
The primary sector includes jobs in crop farming, animal farming, fishing and mining.
In Spain, not many people work in the primary sector, only4 out of 100 people. In the European Union, 5 out of 100 people work in this sector.
Jobs in the secondary sector
The secondary sector transforms raw materials into manufactured products. Industries in the secondary sector include factory work, the construction industry and craft industries. In Spain, 22 out of 100 people work in this sector. In the European Union, 27 out of 100 people work in this sector.
Industry
Industry is one of the most important activities in the secondary sector. Many people work in factories. They use machines to transform raw materials into manufactured products. This is called the industrial process. People work on production lines in factories. Each worker specializes in one part of the process.
In the primary sector, workers obtain raw materials from natural resources. The secondary sector transforms raw materials into manufactured products.
ACTIVITIES:
1. Name four activities in the primary sector. Are they jobs in big cities or in rural areas?
2. Make a long list of all the services they can think of that are available in Spain.
3. Go to the supermarket and find out information about these products: olive oil, coffee, chips, cheese and pasta. Then, read the labels to discover if the products are made in Spain or are imported from abroad. Make a class bar chart with the results: typical products imported fromabroad to Spain.
Jobs in the tertiary sector
The tertiary sector is also called the service sector.Workers in this sector provide us with trade, health,education and transport. In Spain, 74 out of 100 people work in this sector. In the European Union, 68 out of 100 people work in this sector.
Trade
Trade is the buying and selling of products, for example, when shopkeepers sell products to customers.
Trade connects products from the primary and secondary sectors with consumers.Domestic trade means buying andselling productswithin a country. It includes products we buy in shops and supermarkets. Foreign trade means buying and selling productsto and from other countries. Imports areproducts we buy from other countries.
Exports are products we sell to other countries.
(El texto resaltado en amarillo es para hacer una actividad de campo. Posteriormente se debe plasmar en un diagrama de barras (Bar chart). Se debe realizar en word. Se adjunta vídeo tutorial).
En esta ocasión y para celebrar el día mundial de la PAZ, hemos compartido momentos muy valiosos con nuestros ancianos y ancianas. Entre todos nos han quedado unas manualidades estupendas!!
En esta ocasión y dadas las fechas en las que nos encontramos, la última visita del año a nuestros amigos del Centro de Día, ha estado marcada por un acogedor ambiente navideño. Durante el tiempo que hemos compartido, hemos decorado sus instalaciones con motivos navideños hemos por todos y todas, les hemos deleitado con una pequeña función de teatro de sombras que habíamos preparado. Pero lo más emocionante ha sido cuando, nuestros amigos de más avanzada edad, nos han cantado un villancico!
Como en años anteriores, este curso seguimos compartiendo momentos y aprendizajes con nuestros amigos del Centro de Día de nuestra localidad (Badarán). Para comenzar esta andadura hemos escogido el Bingo, juego que nos encanta a mayores y pequeños, y depués les hemos explicado los secretos de un juego desconocido para los más mayores, el "Memory".
